On 8 September 1389, he was hailed as King of Norway at the Ting in Trondheim. Mecklenburg's Duke Henry took a mediator role and the Mecklenburgian army moved eastward following the Tollense River, a Brandenburgian army advanced to the North from the Uckermark following the Randow River. ", https://military.wikia.org/wiki/Eric_of_Pomerania?oldid=4375639. Aware that he would not withstand Brandenburg without allies, Eric sought to settle the conflict by allying with Poland and in 1470 invaded the Brandenburg Neumark. He was buried in Eldena Abbey near Greifswald and was succeeded by his son Bogislaw X. Eric II married Sophia of Pomerania-Stolp. The Rigsråd (Danish Thing) elected Queen Margaret as "all powerful lady and mistress and the Kingdom of Denmark's Regent". The lands of Pomerania were firstly ruled by local tribes, who settled in Pomerania around the 10th and 11th centuries. At the same time, a union treaty was drafted, declaring the establishment of what has become known as the Kalmar Union. [7], Eric's full title was: King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway, the Wends and the Goths, Duke of Pomerania[8], 18th century monument in Landskrona inscription states that the town was founded by king Erik XIII in 1413, Gyldendal og Politikens Danmarkshistorie, book 6, 1400 – 1500, by Troels Dahlerup, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles incorporating text from Wikipedia, Ingeborg of Denmark, Duchess of Mecklenburg, His listing in "Medieval lands" by Charles Cawley. Margaret lost no time and sent an army into Sweden to attack Albert while the Swedish nobles raised their own army to drive him out of the country. His name was changed to the more Nordic-sounding Erik. To him Eric handed over Gotland in return for the permission to leave for Pomerania. Perhaps Eric's most far-ranging act was the introduction of the Sound Dues (Øresundtolden) in 1429, which was to last until 1857. In 1396 he was proclaimed as king in Denmark and then in Sweden. King of Scandinavia. Eric of Pomerania KG (1381 or 1382 – 24 September 1459) was King Eric (Eirik) III of Norway (1389–1442), King Eric VII of Denmark (1396–1439), and King Eric (Ericus) XIII (VIII) of Sweden (1396–1439; known there in history mainly as Erik av Pommern). He was Eric VII of Denmark, Eric III of Norway and has been counted as Eric XIII of Sweden, but never numbered himself that way. Brandenburg was again granted the right of inheritance of Pomerania upon the extinction of the House of Pomerania. We would also like to celebrate that we have now over 10300 followers on Facebook The belt is tablet woven in silk and gilded silver. In 1466 Eric II and Wartislaw X were granted liens by the elector of Brandenburg at Soldin. Seller assumes all responsibility for this listing. He died in 1459 at Darłowo (German:Rügenwalde) Castle and is buried in Church of St. Mary's in Darłowo in Pomerania. is free for shipping. Albert and his son Erik were captured when their horses became mired in mud so deep they could not escape. Royal seal of Eric of Pomerania (1398) depicting: (Centre): a lion rampant crowned maintaining an axe (representing Norway) within an inescutcheon upon a cross over all; Quarterly: in Dexter Chief, three lions passant in pale crowned and maintaining a Danebrog upon a semy of hearts (representing Denmark); in Sinister Chief: three crowns (representing Sweden or the Kalmar Union); in Dexter Base: a lion rampant (Folkung lion) (representing Sweden); and in Sinister Base: a griffin segreant to sinister (representing Pomerania). In 1402, Queen Margaret entered into negotiations with King Henry IV of England about the possibility of an alliance between the Kingdom of England and the Nordic union. He was the son of Wartislaw IX of Pomerania-Wolgast and Sophia, daughter of Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg. Eventually he returned to Pomerania, where he died in 1459. Boguslaw's claim to the Swedish throne came through his great-granduncle, Magnus IV of Sweden, who was forced to abdicate by the Swedish nobles. found: Enc. However the contract was not fulfilled and it came to military intervention. Eric of Pomerania was forced to step down from the throne and in 1440 Christopher of Bavaria, was elected king of Sweden, Norway and Denmark. The project "involves extracting and analysing detailed information from primary sources, including contemporary chronicles, cartularies, necrologies and testaments. Eric of Pomerania (1381 or 1382 – 24 September 1459) was the ruler of the Kalmar Union from 1396 until 1439, succeeding his grandaunt, Queen Margaret I.He is numbered Eric III as King of Norway (1389–1442), Eric VII as King of Denmark (1396–1439) and Eric XIII [lower-alpha 1] as King of Sweden (1396–1434, 1436–39). It showed his interest in Danish trade and naval power, but also permanently challenged the other Baltic powers, especially the Hanseatic cities against which he also fought. In 1451, Wartislaw IX arranged his son's marriage to Sophia, daughter of Bogislaw IX of Pomerania-Stolp and heiress of Eric I of Pomerania-Stolp, who had also been king of the Kalmar Union. After the death of his father, Wartislaw IX, later in 1457, Eric received Pomerania-Wolgast together with his younger brother, Wartislaw X. They split the duchy with Wartislaw X receiving the principality of Rügen (with Rügen, Barth, Tribsees and Grimmen) while Eric received the eastern parts. The Brandenburgers had their longtime claims to Pomerania re-verified by emperor Frederick III. Although the burghers captured his guards, Eric managed to escape. In August 1457, Eric was hunting in the forests near Horst, belonging not to his lands, but to the Hanseatic city of Greifswald. The long war was a strain on the Danish economy as well as on the unity of the north. The campaigns were ended by the Peace of Prenzlau of 31 May 1472 and the Pomeranian dukes gave the pledge of allegiance to the elector. He was the son of Warcisław VII, the Duke of Pomerania. She made provisions for the three kingdoms in the event of her death. Christopher, his successor, died in 1448, long before Eric himself. The proposal was for a double wedding, whereby Eric would marry Henry's daughter, Philippa, and Henry's son, the Prince of Wales and future King Henry V, would marry Eric's sister, Katarzyna. Because Eric did not respect Wartislaw X's rights as a co-ruler, Wartislaw sought for an alliance with the Margraviate of Brandenburg on 6 September 1459 in Angermünde. In 1389 he was brought to Denmark to be brought up by Queen Margaret. Notable Actors and Actresses: 15 actors, 1 actor/comedian. In 1389, Albert's forces were defeated at the Battle of Falköping in Västergötland. He was the first King of the Nordic Kalmar Union, succeeding his adoptive mother Margaret I of Denmark. He tried to regain South Jutland (Schleswig) which Margaret had been winning but he chose a policy of warfare instead of negotiations. [4] After Philippa's death in 1430, he replaced her with her former lady in waiting Cecilia. [citation needed]. Initially named Boguslaw, he was son to the only surviving granddaughter of Valdemar IV of Denmark and also a descendant of Magnus III of Sweden and Haakon V of Norway. The English side wanted these weddings to seal an offensive alliance between the Nordic kingdoms and England, which could have led to the involvement of the Nordic union on the English side in the ongoing Hundred Years' War against the Kingdom of France. The belt of Eric of Pomerania. Her maternal grandparents were Eric II, Duke of Schleswig (reigned 1312–1325) and Adelaide of Holstein-Rendsburg.[3]. She therefore rejected the English proposals. In 1456, Eric took over … Eric of Pomerania KG (1381 or 1382 – 3 May 1459) was King Eric (Eirik) III of Norway (1389–1442), King Eric VII of Denmark (1396–1439), and King Eric (Ericus) of Sweden (1396–1439; known there in history mainly as Erik av Pommern). That he was also a charming and well-spoken man of the world was shown by a great European tour of the 1420s. Also, Eric I arranged the Lauenburg-Bütow Land at the Pomerelian border to be granted by the Polish king to Eric II on January 3, 1455, as a reward for aiding Poland in her struggles with the Teutonic Knights. The result was a devastating war that not only ended without conquests but also led to the loss of the South Jutlandic areas that he had already obtained. Eric) 1389-1442 . In 1434 the farmers and mine workers of Sweden began a national and social rebellion which was soon used by the Swedish nobility in order to weaken the power of the king. Going back into prehistory, it is not known how many Swedish monarchs were named Eric before this one (at least six were), so it would be speculative to try to affix a mathematically accurate one here. Young Boguslaw was the grandson of Margaret's sister. Originally the silk was very colourful in … King of Denmark, Norway and Sweden and Duke of Pomerania-Stolp) Also, Eric I arranged the Lauenburg-Bütow Land at the Pomerelian border to be granted by the Polish king to Eric II on 3 January 1455 as a reward for aiding Poland in her struggles with the Teutonic Knights. She wanted the kingdoms to be unified and peaceful and hence, chose the son of her father's surviving granddaughter, Boguslaw, to be named heir. Upon Eric I's death, in 1459 Eric II gained Pomerania-Stolp and Pomerania-Rügenwalde due to the claims of his wife. A few decades after the uneasy union of Norway and Sweden in 1319 and the subsequent split, Eric of Pomerania united back the crowns, along with Denmark's. He was delivered by his mother Maria Niklotovic/Nikloting (of the Meklemburg) in his father’s castle in Darłowo on the coast of the Baltic Sea. Just a year later, the Norwegians proclaimed Margaret the "reigning queen" and Albert of Sweden fought off an incursion from Norway. In 1456, Eric took over Maszewo Land in Farther Pomerania, despite Wassow being not included in his share of Pomerania. During this war he showed much energy and steadiness, but also a remarkable lack of adroitness. Christopher, his successor, died in 1448, long before Eric himself. Arte Johnson (a.k.a. Eric of Pomerania with Margaret I of Denmark at his coronation. Shipping and handling. Notable ancestors includeHenry II of England (1133-1189), William I of England (1027-1087), Charlemagne … But with the King isolated in Gotland, the Norwegian nobility also felt compelled to depose him in 1440. Eric died in 1474 of a plague-like disease. He may have been crowned King of Norway in Oslo in 1392, but this is disputed. Another important event was his making Copenhagen a royal possession in 1417, thereby assuring its status as the capital of Denmark. Eric (XIII) or Eric of Pomerania (the Pomeranian), in Swedish Erik av Pommern, was a Polish prince who lived 1382-1459 and became King of Norway as Eric III 1389-1442 and King of Denmark and Sweden 1396-1439, in Denmark as Eric VII. On 26 October 1406, Eric married the 13-year-old Philippa at Lund. Yet, by now he was not only opposed by his co-ruling Pomeranian dukes, but also by the Pomeranian cities. With his wife, he had nine children: https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eric_II,_Duke_of_Pomerania&oldid=951142727, Medieval nobility of the Holy Roman Empire, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 April 2020, at 18:25. The Norwegian nobility remained loyal to King Erik, and in 1439 he gave Sigurd Jonsson the title of drottsete, under which he was to rule Norway in King Erik's name. Erich II. He reputedly refused the offer. DENMARK, ERIC OF POMERANIA (1396–1439) STERLING, LUND Each additional item (coin,banknote,badge,postcard,stamp, etc.) He was the first King of the Nordic Kalmar Union, succeeding his adoptive mother Margaret I of Denmark. His mother the Dowager Queen of Norway had added the phrase "the true heir of Sweden" to Boguslaw's list of titles at his coronation. In the 12th century, Poland, the Holy Roman Empire's Duchy of Saxony and Denmark conquered Pomerania, ending the tribal era. The nobles, including his former supporter Bo Jonsson Grip, Sweden's largest landowner who controlled a third of the entirety of the Swedish territory and had the largest non-royal wealth in the country, soon conspired to get rid of him, resenting his attempts to restrict the traditional privileges of the nobility, as well as his use of German officials to fill important administrative positions in the Swedish provinces. In further disrespect of the city's rights he ordered local peasants to aid him. The next monarch (reigned 1448–81) was Eric's kinsman, Christian I of Denmark, who was the son of Eric's earlie… For ten years Erik lived on Gotland and made his living by piracy against the merchant trade in the Baltic. King Eirik III of Pomerania (a.k.a. When the Danish nobility opposed his rule and refused to ratify his choice of Bogislaw IX, Duke of Pomerania as the next King of Denmark, he left Denmark and settled at his castle Visborg in Gotland, apparently a kind of a “royal strike” which led to his deposition by the National Councils of Denmark and Sweden in 1439. The emperor ordered Erich II and Wartislaw X to recognize the suzerainty of Brandenburg. Queen Margaret, however, remained the de facto ruler of the three kingdoms until her death in 1412. King Eric was described by the future Pope Pius II as having "a beautiful body, reddish yellow hair, a ruddy face and a long narrow neck ... alone, without assistance and without touching the stirrups, he jumped upon a horse, and all women were drawn to him, especially the Empress, in a feeling of longing for love".[5]. DENMARK, ERIC OF POMERANIA (1396–1439) COPPER STERLING Each additional item (coin,banknote,badge,postcard,stamp, etc.) Referring to Eric of Pomerania as King Eric XIII of Sweden[2] is a later invention, counting backwards from Eric XIV (1560–1568), who adopted his numeral according to a fictitious history of Sweden. About Erik av Pommern of Pomerania, King of Denmark and Norway (Svenska) Erik av Pommern, oegentligt Erik XIII (c.1382-1459) var 1396–1439 (med två avbrott) kung av Sverige, som Erik III kung av Norge 1389–1442 samt som Erik VII kung av Danmark 1396–1439. is free for shipping. In 1424, a verdict of the Holy Roman Empire by Sigismund, King of Germany, recognising Eric as the legal ruler of South Jutland, was ignored by the Holsteiners. Greifen von Pommern-Wolgast, Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast, was born circa1425 to Wartislaw IX. The next monarch (reigned 1448–81) was Eric's kinsman, Christian I of Denmark, who was the son of Eric's earlier rival, Count Theodoric of Oldenburg. He was 14 when he married his 12-year-old English wife, Princess Philippa, and just 15 when he was crowned as sovereign king in the ancient town of Kalmar, Rikets Nyekel –the key of the kingdom. The marriage of these distant relatives granted Eric II access to Eric I's lands in Farther Pomerania. From 1449–59, Eric succeeded Bogislaw IX, as Duke of Pomerania and ruled Pomerania-Rügenwalde, a small partition of the Duchy of Pomerania-Stolp (Polish: Księstwo Słupskie), The Encyclopedia Americana. He was to be their great king. However, when Albert attempted to introduce reduction of their large estates, they quickly turned against him. He was the son of Wartislaw IX of Pomerania-Wolgast and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg (d. 1462, daughter of Eric IV of Saxe-Lauenburg). Name: Eric of Pomerania, King of Denmark, Sweden and Norway, the Wends and the Goths, Duke of Pomerania (Born Bogislav of Pomerania). von Pommern (c1400-1457) and Sophie von Sachsen-Lauenburg (c1395-1462) and died 5 July 1474 inWolgast of unspecified causes. Erik VII, also called Erik of Pomerania, Danish Erik af Pommern, Swedish and Norwegian Erik av Pommern, (born c. 1381, Pomerania—died c. June 1459, Rügenwalde, Pomerania [now Darłowo, Poland]), king of the united realms of Denmark, Norway (as Erik III), and Sweden (as Erik XIII) from 1397 to 1439; his autocratic rule and foreign wars eventually lost him the throne in all three of his dominions. Eric of Pomerania (1381 or 1382 – 24 September 1459) was the ruler of the Kalmar Union from 1396 until 1439, succeeding his grandaunt, Queen Margaret I.He is numbered Eric III as King of Norway (1389–1442), Eric VII as King of Denmark (1396–1439) and Eric XIII as King of Sweden (1396–1434, 1436–39). Eric of Pomerania was no more than six at the time when he was bestowed as the future king by Margaret. Eric of Pomerania was King Eric III of Norway (1389–1442) Norwegian Eirik, King Eric VII of Denmark (1396–1439), and King of Sweden (1396–1439) known there mainly as Erik av Pommern. He had already nominally been King of Sweden for … He belonged to the Griffin Dynasty and reigned for 43 years. Shipping and handling. Eric) 1929- Eric Idle 1943- Kaplan Kaye (a.k.a. Even though the Pomeranian cities were able to mediate negotiations between the dukes which led to a compromise on 16 January 1457 at Rügenwalde, Eric lost the support of the other Pomeranian dukes with this action. Almost the whole of Eric’s sole rule was affected by his long-standing conflict with the Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein. In 1440, Eric, having been deposed in Denmark and Sweden, was succeeded by his nephew, Christopher of Bavaria, who had been chosen for the thrones. Grolier Inc. 1999. as Eric I. It took until 1395 for Margaret to force Albert's supporters out of Stockholm. Negatively, he seems to have had a hot temper, a lack of diplomatic sense, and an obstinacy that bordered on mulishness. He had to yield to the demands of both the Holsteiners and the Hanseatic League. His respite was temporary — the Swedish nobility soon enlisted the Danish regent's help to remove Albert from the Swedish throne. On 2 August 1387, Olav Håkonsson, King of Denmark since he was five years old and King of Norway since the death of his father, died unexpectedly at seventeen years of age. Eric II or Erich II (between 1418 and 1425 – 5 July 1474) was a member of the House of Pomerania (also known as the House of Griffins) and was the ruling Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1457 to 1474. He was the first King of the Nordic Kalmar Union, succeeding his adoptive mother Margaret I of Denmark. From contemporary sources, Eric appears as intelligent, visionary, energetic and a firm character. The statement is difficult to agree or disagree with because it is tied to a historical past when trade and trade routes were controlled by kings helping them earn revenues for themselves and their kingdoms. Eric of Pomerania turned pirate after he was a king: is it better to be a pirate than the ruler of Sweden. Come the 1420s, the Danish monarch was Eric of Pomerania, a handsome and headstrong king.He would come to blows with Hanse cities over the Duchy of Schleswig.. Schleswig is the “neck” of Denmark’s Jutland peninsula. Greifswald's mayor Heinrich Rubenow led the burghers of Greifswald and Stralsund in an attempt to arrest Eric. He married Sophia von Pommern (c1435-1497) 1451 JL . Eric was born in 1382 in Rügenwalde (Darłowo). After he had been deposed as king in Sweden and Denmark, the Norwegian Riksrådremained loyal to him, and wanted him to remain king of Norway only. Despite being a partitioned duchy in reality, Pomerania was granted to the dukes as one fief to be co-ruled, which meant that several issues had to be acted upon in common. In 1464, Eric's cousin Otto III of Pomerania-Stettin died of the Black Death, leaving both Eric and Wartislaw as well as Brandenburg's Frederick II with claims for inheritance. In Norway, a peasant rebellion led by Amund Sigurdsson (1400–1465), rebelled against King Erik and his officials, besieging Oslo and Akershus Castle. This led to conflicts with Otto III, Duke of Pomerania-Stettin and even Eric I. Seller assumes all responsibility for this listing. They were put into chains and sent by Queen Margaret to Scania, where Albert was imprisoned in Lindholmen Castle. From 1449–59, Eric succeeded Bogislaw IX, as Duke of Pomerania and ruled Pomerania-Rügenwalde, a small partition of the Duchy of Pomerania-Stolp (Polish: Księstwo Słupskie),[6] as Eric I. Eric of Pomerania was born as Bogusław of the House of Griffins on 11th of June 1382 A.D. Amer., 1983: v. 10, p. 547 (Eric of Pomerania, 1381-1459. Eric II or Erich II (between 1418 and 1425 – 5 July 1474) was a member of the House of Pomerania (also known as the House of Griffins) and was the ruling Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1457 to 1474. By this he secured a large stable income for his kingdom that made it relatively rich and which made the town of Elsinore flowering. In 1388, several of the Swedish nobles wrote secretly to Margaret telling her that if she could rid them of Albert, they would make her Regent. Christopher of Bavaria was the son of Johann, Count Palatine of Neumarkt (1383–1443) and Catherine of Pomerania (c. 1390–1426). Born Boguslaw, the son of Polish Duke of Pomerania Wartislaw VII and Mary of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, Eric's paternal grandparents were Boguslaw V, Duke of Pomerania and his second wife Adelheid of Brunswick-Grubenhagen. In 1440, Eric, having been deposed in Denmark and Sweden, was succeeded by his nephew, Christopher of Bavaria, who had been chosen for the thrones. Thank You for bidding! Ingeborg was a daughter of Valdemar IV of Denmark and his Queen consort Heilwig of Schleswig. Eric of Pomerania KG (1381 or 1382 – 3 May 1459) was King Eric (Eirik) III of Norway (1389–1442), King Eric VII of Denmark (1396–1439), and King Eric (Ericus)[1] of Sweden (1396–1439; known there in history mainly as Erik av Pommern). Thank You for bidding! After the abdication, the Swedish nobles, led by Bo Jonsson (Grip), had invited Count Albert of Mecklenburg to take the Swedish throne. Their son Albert was a rival of Olaf Haakonsson in regard to the Danish succession in 1375. Eric II or Erich II, of the House of Pomerania (Griffins), (* between 1418 and 1425, † 1474), was Duke of Pomerania-Wolgast from 1457 to 1474. Eric of Pomerania KG (1381 or 1382 – 3 May 1459) was King Eric (Eirik) III of Norway (1389–1442), King Eric VII of Denmark (1396–1439), and King Eric (Ericus) [1] of Sweden (1396–1439; known there in history mainly as Erik av Pommern). He pawned the area north of the Brandenburgian Uckermark to Hohenzollern margrave Frederick II and in return became assured of military protection against his brother. The wedding was accompanied by a purely defensive alliance with England. Queen Margaret led a consistent foreign policy of not getting entangled in binding alliances and foreign wars. Sweden soon split again. 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Eric took over Maszewo Land in Farther Pomerania, visionary, energetic and a firm character made town... With the Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein of Valdemar IV of Saxe-Lauenburg died in Eric. Danish Thing ) elected Queen Margaret, however, when Albert attempted to introduce reduction of their estates! Of diplomatic sense, and an obstinacy that bordered on mulishness Ingeborg of Denmark Pomerania-Wolgast and Sophia of Pomerania-Stolp fell... The more Nordic-sounding Erik into chains and sent by Queen Margaret led a consistent foreign policy of getting. The Battle of Falköping in Västergötland, remained the de facto ruler of Sweden off! In 1466 Eric II gained Pomerania-Stolp and Pomerania-Rügenwalde due to the claims of his wife defensive with! Consistent foreign policy of the King isolated in Gotland, the Duke Pomerania! Of Greifswald and was succeeded by his long-standing conflict with the Counts Schauenburg. Distant relatives granted Eric II access to Eric I 's lands in Farther Pomerania, 1381-1459 in 1430, seems. In the 12th century, Poland, the Norwegians proclaimed Margaret the reigning! ( c1400-1457 ) and Sophie von Sachsen-Lauenburg ( c1395-1462 ) and died 5 July 1474 of. Accompanied by a great European tour of the Nordic Kalmar Union, succeeding his adoptive mother I. 1390–1426 ) Gotland in return for the permission to leave for Pomerania long before Eric himself both the and! Now he was the son of Wartislaw IX of Pomerania-Wolgast and Sophia of Saxe-Lauenburg ( d.,...