Although the original production in Hamburg, Germany, received only a small audience, Tom Waits released the songs as the album Alice in 2002. [27], The manuscript was illustrated by Dodgson himself who added 37 illustrations—printed in a facsimile edition in 1887. The Queen of Hearts then orders the Cat to be beheaded, only to have her executioner complain that this is impossible since the head is all that can be seen of him. With Kathryn Beaumont, Ed Wynn, Richard Haydn, Sterling Holloway. The dormouse scolds Alice and tells her she has no right to grow at such a rapid pace and take up all the air. Alice in Wonderland study guide contains a biography of Lewis Carroll, literature essays, a complete e-text, quiz questions, major themes, characters, and a full summary and analysis. References, homages, reworkings and derivative works can be found in many works of literature, film, theatre, visual art, music, and games (such as playing cards). The Mock Turtle sings them "Beautiful Soup" during which the Gryphon drags Alice away for an impending trial. These are the Liddell sisters: Elsie is L.C. Even more popular is the theory that Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is a thinly veiled allegory about ... Robert Douglas-Fairhurst’s The Story of Alice is published by Harvill Secker. For example, the "Rabbit Hole" symbolised the actual stairs in the back of the Christ Church's main hall. A musical adaption was written by Michael Sirotta and Heather M. Dominick in 1997, titled Alice in Wonderland, a Musical Adventure. In this X-rated musical version of “Alice In Wonderland”, Alice is a cheerful, outgoing and virginal librarian. [15] One of Tenniel's illustrations in Through the Looking-Glass—the 1871 sequel to Alice—depicts the character referred to as the "Man in White Paper" (whom Alice meets as a fellow passenger riding on the train with her) as a caricature of Disraeli, wearing a paper hat. Carroll wrote openly about his penchant for taking photos of young girls. Alice was very nearly getting up and saying, “Thank you, sir, for your interesting story,” but she could not help thinking there must be more to come, so she sat still and said nothing. Directed by Tim Burton. His talk is interrupted by 6-year-old Alice who had that nightmare again. Chapter Four – The Rabbit Sends a Little Bill: White Rabbit appears again in search of the Duchess's gloves and fan. There's no record of why the Carroll was cut off from the family, but some believe it was because he proposed marriage to young Alice - which wasn't that unusual around that time. [78] A ballet by Christopher Wheeldon and Nicholas Wright commissioned for The Royal Ballet entitled Alice's Adventures in Wonderland premiered in February 2011 at the Royal Opera House in London. The first print run was destroyed (or sold to the United States[28]) at Carroll's request because he was dissatisfied with the quality. [17], Most of the book's adventures may have been based on or influenced by people, situations, and buildings in Oxford and at Christ Church. I’m really interested in the story’s behind Disney movies. Carroll attended a performance on 30 December 1886, writing in his diary he enjoyed it. The Queen, a figure difficult to please, introduces her signature phrase "Off with his head!" The ‘Alice’ books have always been a favourite subject for analysis, as the story lends itself to various interpretations. During the proceedings, Alice finds that she is steadily growing larger. [12] A new edition, released in December of the same year for the Christmas market, but carrying an 1866 date, was quickly printed. If you're not already a Mamamia member, sign up (it's easy, we promise). [1] It tells of a young girl named Alice, who falls through a rabbit hole into a subterranean fantasy world populated by peculiar, anthropomorphic creatures. Inside the house she finds another little bottle and drinks from it, immediately beginning to grow again. [26] The animals of Wonderland are of particular interest, for Alice's relation to them shifts constantly because, as Lovell-Smith states, Alice's changes in size continually reposition her in the food chain, serving as a way to make her acutely aware of the ‘eat or be eaten’ attitude that permeates Wonderland. Alice in Wonderland is a story many of us can relate to. The ballet returned to the Royal Opera House in 2012. [82], Gerald Barry's 2016 one-act opera, Alice's Adventures Under Ground, first staged in 2020 at the Royal Opera House, is a conflation of the two Alice books. [30] The text blocks of the original edition were removed from the binding and sold with Dodgson's permission to the New York publishing house of D. Appleton & Company. [12]:117 John Tenniel provided 42 wood engraved illustrations for the published version of the book. [81] The ballet overall stays generally light hearted for its running time of an hour and forty minutes. Besides the brave heroin, fun characters, and magical world, there … Alice in wonderland is an American fantasy adventure movie released in 2010. [24] Often, the idea of eating coincides to make gruesome images. Naturally, when Alice heads off on the adventure, she's going to meet a bunch of Kings and Queens, all recognized by the crown on their brow.But—let's be honest!—the Hatter is the only Wonderland royalty anyone should really care about! Chapter Ten – Lobster Quadrille: The Mock Turtle and the Gryphon dance to the Lobster Quadrille, while Alice recites (rather incorrectly) "'Tis the Voice of the Lobster". A community theatre production of Alice was Olivia de Havilland's first foray onto the stage. Generally it received poor reviews, with reviewers giving more credit to Tenniel's illustrations than to Carroll's story. Schwab, Gabriele (1996) "Chapter 2: Nonsense and Metacommunication: Lewis Carroll, "Alice on the Stage, The Theatre, April 1887, Astronomical and Meteorological Observations Made at the Radcliffe Observatory, Oxford, Vol. In Henri Bué's French translation, Alice posits that the mouse may be Italian and speaks Italian to it. This goth-toned rock musical premiered in 2006 at the New Theatre Royal in Portsmouth, England. )[13]:98, The Mock Turtle also sings "Turtle Soup." The Cheshire Cat gives directions to the March Hare’s house and fades away to nothing but a floating grin. This is a parody of a song called "Star of the Evening, Beautiful Star", which was performed as a trio by Lorina, Alice and Edith Liddell for Lewis Carroll in the Liddell home during the same summer in which he first told the story of Alice's Adventures Under Ground.[16]. After spending a few years refining and editing the story, he published Alice's Adventures in Wonderland in 1865, before writing the sequel Through the Looking-Glass and What Alice Found There. Remembering that day, Carroll wrote in his diary: "[I]n a desperate attempt to strike out some new line of fairy-lore, I had sent my heroine straight down a rabbit-hole, to begin with, without the least idea what was to happen afterwards". [75] The cast also included Debbie Allen, Michael Jeter, and Mark Linn-Baker. Alice in Wonderland Quotes are based on the fantasy story of a young girl Alice. Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland is the complete name of the popular 1865 novel commonly known as “Alice in Wonderland.” Written by Charles Dodgson using the pseudonym Lewis Carroll, the novel tells the story of young Alice, who falls down a rabbit hole into a world full of mystery and the unexpected. Mouse gives them a very dry lecture on William the Conqueror. Caterpillar questions Alice, who begins to admit to her current identity crisis, compounded by her inability to remember a poem. Though Dodgson did add his own illustrations, he subsequently approached John Tenniel to illustrate the book for publication, telling him that the story had been well liked by children. When he reached 18, Dodgson left home to attend Oxford University, where he stayed for the next 20 years. One of the best-known and most popular works of English-language fiction, its narrative, structure, characters and imagery have been enormously influential in popular culture and literature, especially in the fantasy genre. [8] The three girls would be the daughters of scholar Henry Liddell: Lorina Charlotte Liddell (aged 13; "Prima" in the book's prefatory verse); Alice Pleasance Liddell (aged 10; "Secunda" in the verse); and Edith Mary Liddell (aged 8; "Tertia" in the verse). Chapter Three – The Caucus Race and a Long Tale: The sea of tears becomes crowded with other animals and birds that have been swept away by the rising waters. (The children did, in fact, learn well; Alice Liddell, for one, produced a number of skilful watercolours. In 1862 Carroll - along with one of his colleagues - took the three girls out on a picnic and rowing trip along the Thames. Chapter Eleven – Who Stole the Tarts? The story begins with Charles Kingsleigh trying to sell his project to some men. Unhappy, Alice begins to cry and her tears literally flood the hallway. The classic story Alice in Wonderland contains some hidden truths about the human brain. To keep the young girls entertained, Carroll started telling them a story which would eventually become Alice in Wonderland. Alice in Wonderland Chapter 11. One side makes her shrink smaller than ever, while another causes her neck to grow high into the trees, where a pigeon mistakes her for a serpent. On the following pages you can find deeper analyses of the origins of the texts and illustrations, characters, and ‘hidden meanings’ in the Alice books. The Cheshire Cat explains to Alice that everyone in Wonderland is mad, including Alice herself. Chapter One – Down the Rabbit Hole: Alice, a seven-year-old girl, is feeling bored and drowsy while sitting on the riverbank with her elder sister. Wonderland is an imaginary country created by Alice Liddellduring her childhood. The book was reprinted and published in 1866.[12]. Please sign in to contribute to the Mamamia Community. For example, in the second chapter Alice posits that the mouse may be French. It tells of a young girl named Alice, who falls through a rabbit hole into a subterranean fantasy world populated by peculiar, anthropomorphic creatures. [20][22] Literary scholar Melanie Bayley asserted in the magazine New Scientist that Dodgson wrote Alice in Wonderland in its final form as a scathing satire on new modern mathematics that were emerging in the mid-19th century.[23]. After the riddle "Why is a raven like a writing-desk? The members of the boating party that first heard Carroll's tale show up in Chapter 3 ("A Caucus-Race and a Long Tale"). [11], On 26 November 1864, Dodgson gave Alice the handwritten manuscript of Alice's Adventures Under Ground, with illustrations by Dodgson himself, dedicating it as "A Christmas Gift to a Dear Child in Memory of a Summer's Day". She notices a talking, clothed white rabbit with a pocket watch run past. Alice eventually frightens all the animals away, unwittingly, by talking about her (moderately ferocious) cat. In this adorable animated version of the story, Hello Kitty takes a magical trip to Wonderland as she plays Alice herself. As Carroll was a mathematician at Christ Church, it has been suggested that there are many references and mathematical concepts in both this story and Through the Looking-Glass. She breaks off two pieces from the mushroom. [18], In the eighth chapter, three cards are painting the roses on a rose tree red, because they had accidentally planted a white-rose tree that The Queen of Hearts hates. Yes indeed, and exactly why I didn’t promote it to my children . [3] The work has never been out of print, and it has been translated into at least 97 languages. (Lorina Charlotte); Tillie is Edith (her family nickname is Matilda); and Lacie is an anagram of Alice. The horrified Rabbit orders his gardener, Bill the Lizard, to climb on the roof and go down the chimney. [73] The musical was frequently revived during West End Christmas seasons during the four decades after its premiere, including a London production at the Globe Theatre in 1888, with Isa Bowman as Alice.[74]. This day was known as the "golden afternoon,"[7] prefaced in the novel as a poem. The trial begins of the Knave of Hearts on the charge of stealing the tarts. ... Alice. The book is commonly referred to by the abbreviated title Alice in Wonderland, which has been popularised by the numerous stage, film and television adaptations of the story produced over the years. She finds a little key to a door too small for her to fit through, but through it, she sees an attractive garden. Because the cat belongs to the Duchess, the Queen is prompted to release the Duchess from prison to resolve the matter. Literary and comic-book adaptations include: The first full major production of 'Alice' books during Carroll's lifetime was Alice in Wonderland, an 1886 musical play in London's West End by Henry Savile Clark (book) and Walter Slaughter (music), which played at the Prince of Wales Theatre. “I confess I do not admire naked boys in pictures," he wrote. Her opening gambit "Où est ma chatte?" The blank-faced little girl made famous by John Tenniel's original illustrations has become a cultural inkblot we can interpret in any way we like. It is located in Alice's mind and a creation of her vivid imagination. Alice is able to visit it even while in a hypnotic daydream as it is similar to a dream or a lucid dream. Directed by Clyde Geronimi, Wilfred Jackson, Hamilton Luske. Alice in Wonderland or What's a Nice Kid Like You Doing in a Place Like This? Not if the Queen of Hearts has her way. On 26 November 1865, Dodgson's tale was published by Macmillan of London as Alice's Adventures in Wonderland under the pseudonym "Lewis Carroll" with illustrations by John Tenniel. David Robson takes a leap down the rabbit hole. ", the Hatter claims that Alice might as well say, "I see what I eat…I eat what I see" and so the riddle's solution, put forward by Boe Birns, could be that "A raven eats worms; a writing desk is worm-eaten"; this idea of food encapsulates idea of life feeding on life itself, for the worm is being eaten and then becomes the eater  – a horrific image of mortality. Live flamingos are used as mallets and hedgehogs as balls and Alice once again meets the Cheshire Cat. Many familiar faces are present in the court room. [30] Among its first avid readers were Queen Victoria and the young Oscar Wilde. Alice stumbles into the world of Wonderland. Pat's "Digging for apples" could be a cross-language pun, as pomme de terre (literally; "apple of the earth") means potato and pomme means apple.[21]. Chapter Seven – A Mad Tea-Party: Alice becomes a guest at a "mad" tea party along with the March Hare, the Hatter, and a very tired Dormouse, who falls asleep frequently only to be violently awakened moments later by the March Hare and the Hatter. Similarly, the 1992 operatic production Alice used both Alice books as its inspiration. The following list is of direct adaptations of Adventures in Wonderland (sometimes merging it with Through the Looking-Glass), not other sequels or works otherwise inspired by the works (such as Tim Burton's 2010 film Alice in Wonderland): Alice in Wonderland (1934–1935) was a comic strip adaptation drawn by Edward D. Kuekes and written by Olive Ray Scott. Paul Schmidt wrote the play, with Tom Waits and Kathleen Brennan writing the music. To fully experience what it means to vanish down a rabbit hole, just ask the internet about hidden messages in the book that coined the term, Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. One of the most well-known American productions was Joseph Papp's 1980 staging of Alice in Concert at the Public Theater in New York City. [79][80] The ballet was based on the novel Wheeldon grew up reading as a child and is generally faithful to the original story, although some critics claimed it may have been too faithful. : Alice attends a trial whereby the Knave of Hearts is accused of stealing the Queen's tarts. Alice then meets the King and Queen. 1895 – A New Alice in the Old Wonderland, a novel by Anna M. Richards in which a different Alice, Alice Lee, travels to Wonderland and meets many of the characters of Carroll's books as well as others. The sixth case, mure (ablative) is absent from Alice's recitation. The title page of the Appleton Alice was an insert cancelling the original Macmillan title page of 1865, and bearing the New York publisher's imprint and the date 1866.[30]. Alice's sister wakes her up from a dream, brushing what turns out to be some leaves and not a shower of playing cards from Alice's face. Carroll wrote multiple poems and songs for Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, including: Martin Gardner, along with other scholars, have shown the book to be filled with many parodies of Victorian popular culture, suggesting it belongs in spirit with W. S. Gilbert and Alfred Cellier's Topsyturveydom. At the release of Through the Looking-Glass, the first Alice tale gained in popularity and by the end of the 19th century Sir Walter Besant wrote that Alice in Wonderland "was a book of that extremely rare kind which will belong to all the generations to come until the language becomes obsolete". She accidentally knocks over the jury box with the animals inside them and the King orders the animals be placed back into their seats before the trial continues. He disappears but his grin remains behind to float on its own in the air prompting Alice to remark that she has often seen a cat without a grin but never a grin without a cat. Shrinking down again due to a fan she had picked up, Alice swims through her own tears and meets a mouse, who is swimming as well. With Mia Wasikowska, Johnny Depp, Helena Bonham Carter, Anne Hathaway. The main characters in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland are the following: In The Annotated Alice, Martin Gardner provides background information for the characters. It has been suggested by several people, including Martin Gardner and Selwyn Goodacre,[20] that Dodgson had an interest in the French language, choosing to make references and puns about it in the story. The Hatter reveals that they have tea all day because Time has punished him by eternally standing still at 6 PM (tea time). [12] Some, including Martin Gardner, speculate that there was an earlier version that was destroyed later by Dodgson when he wrote a more elaborate copy by hand.[13]. It is most likely that these are references to French lessons—a common feature of a Victorian middle-class girl's upbringing. Some printings of this title contain both Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and its sequel Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There. She subsequently eats a cake labelled "EAT ME" in currants as the chapter closes. The heroine of the story. The Duck refers to Canon Duckworth, and the Lory and Eaglet to Alice Liddell's sisters Lorina and Edith. Elizabeth Swados wrote the book, lyrics, and music. Alice was a publishing sensation, beloved by children and adults alike. The Cheshire cat fades until it disappears entirely, leaving only its wide grin, suspended in the air, leading Alice to marvel and note that she has seen a cat without a grin, but never a grin without a cat. Alice becomes insulted and tired of being bombarded with riddles and she leaves claiming that it was the stupidest tea party that she had ever been to. It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre. [53], In 2014, Robert McCrum named the tale "one of the best loved in the English canon", and called it "perhaps the greatest, possibly most influential, and certainly the most world-famous Victorian English fiction". It is considered to be one of the best examples of the literary nonsense genre. The following list is a timeline of major publication events related to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland: The book Alice in Wonderland failed to be named in an 1888 poll of the publishing season's most popular children's stories. It also employs scenes with Charles Dodgson, a young Alice Liddell, and an adult Alice Liddell, to frame the story. Carroll was also known as a keen photographer and he took photos of nude and semi-nude children - including a full-frontal nude shot of Alice's sister Lorina. A far more sophisticated jump is to consider the concepts of 'two' and 'three' by themselves, just like a grin, originally seemingly dependent on the cat, separated conceptually from its physical object. The entire print run sold out quickly. Chapter Twelve – Alice's Evidence: Alice is then called up as a witness. [2][3] The tale plays with logic, giving the story lasting popularity with adults as well as with children.[2]. She argues with the King and Queen of Hearts over the ridiculous proceedings, eventually refusing to hold her tongue, only to say, "It's not that I was the one who stole the tarts in the first place", in the process. (transl. This version also featured a "topper" strip, Knurl the Gnome. This is a reference to the art critic John Ruskin, who came once a week to the Liddell house to teach the children drawing, sketching, and painting in oils. [11], To add the finishing touches he researched natural history in connection with the animals presented in the book, and then had the book examined by other children — particularly those of George MacDonald. [83], The cover illustration of The Nursery "Alice", by E. Gertrude Thomson, The White Rabbit by John Tenniel, coloured, Statue of Alice in Rymill Park, Adelaide, South Australia, Alice in Wonderland sculpture in Central Park, New York, Lewis Carroll memorial window at All Saints' Church, Daresbury, Cheshire, "Alice in Wonderland" redirects here. “When we were little,” the Mock Turtle went on at last, more calmly, though still sobbing a little now and then, “we went to school in the sea. For example, instead of considering two or three apples, one may easily consider the concept of 'apple', upon which the concepts of 'two' and 'three' may seem to depend. Performed on a bare stage with the actors in modern dress, the play is a loose adaptation, with song styles ranging the globe. She follows it down a rabbit hole where she suddenly falls a long way to a curious hall with many locked doors of all sizes. The strip was distributed by United Feature Syndicate.[68]. [30] Alice's Adventures in Wonderland has been translated into at least 97 languages,[4] or as many as 174 languages. [9], The journey began at Folly Bridge, Oxford and ended five miles away in the Oxfordshire village of Godstow. With some effort, Alice brings herself back to her normal height. During the trip Dodgson told the girls a story that featured a bored little girl named Alice who goes looking for an adventure. Over the years, many notable people in the performing arts have been involved in Alice productions. 23, The diary of Lewis Carroll, 1 August 1862 entry, Page 11 of Introduction, by John Davies, of, List of minor characters in the Alice series, The Old Man's Comforts and How He Gained Them, Illustrators of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Retold in Words of One Syllable, Films and television programmes based on Alice in Wonderland, other sequels or works otherwise inspired by the works, "Alice in Wonderland: the never-ending adventures", "Meet the Girl Who Inspired 'Alice in Wonderland, "Alice's Adventures In Wonderland Turns 150", "Alice's adventures in algebra: Wonderland solved", "The Guardian view on Alice in Wonderland: a dauntless, no-nonsense heroine", "The 100 best novels: No 18 – Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll (1865)", "10 things you didn't know about Alice in Wonderland", "Oscar Reads: Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll", "Alice in a World of Wonderlands – The Books", "Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland – in German", "Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland – in French", "Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland – in Swedish", "Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland – in Italian", "Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland – in Russian", "Pastimes: Children's Games and Their Literary Inspirations", "70 Years Celebration: Anniversary Top Tens", "Real Alice in Wonderland book sells for $115,000 in USA", "Ultra-Influencers: The Two British Fictional Victorians that Changed Japan", "Novels About Playing Cards: Alice in Wonderland", "The First Film Adaptation of Alice in Wonderland (1903)", "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass", British Universities Film & Video Council, 17 Adaptations Of "Alice's Adventures In Wonderland" Through The Years, "All-in-the-golden-afternoon96, still-she-haunts-me-phantomwise: London's...", "Watch two classic Two Ronnies Christmas songs", "Join Dynamite Entertainment For "The Complete Alice In Wonderland, "Winter Children's Theatre "Alice in Wonderland" Runs Through March 24th", "First Redeemer conservatory of music and fine arts presents Alice in Wonderland", "Joby Talbot – Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (2010) – Music Sales Classical", "Calendar < Events – Royal Opera House < August 2013", Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, (plain text), Images of the 1st editions of the book and other works by Lewis Carroll, Original manuscript and drawings by Lewis Carroll (requires Flash), The Complete Works of Lewis Carroll with the illustrations by John Tenniel, Afterlife of Alice and Her Adventures in Wonderland, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, 1907 Heinemann edition. 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